Hortatory Exposition

   Hortatory Exposition

(Melissa F. , Ryan O. , Shanastasia S.)

Definition:

            Hortatory exposition is a type of spoken or written text that is intended to persuade the listeners or readers that something should or should not happen or be done.

            Hortatory is similar to analytical exposition but if we have to differentiate both from one to each other, we have one useful tool by making analysis on the generic structure. What makes hortatory different from analytical exposition is the last finalizing step which analytical exposition is ended by a reiteration while hortatory exposition is finalized by certain a recommendation.

Social function of the hortatory exposition is to persuade the readers or listeners that something should or should not be the case.

Language Features of Hortatory Exposition:

1.      Focusing on the writer.

2.      Using action verb.

3.      Using modal adverb; certainly, surely, etc.

4.      Using temporal connective ; firstly, secondly, however, therefore, etc.

5.      Using evaluative word ; important, valuable, trustworthy, etc.

6.      Using passive voice.

7.      Using simple present tense.

8.      The use of modals and adverbs ; may, must should, etc.

9.      The use of emotive words ; worried, alarmed, etc.

10.  The use of words that qualify statements ; usual, probably, etc.

11.  The use of subjective opinions using pronouns I and we.

Generic Structure:

1)      Thesis: Statements or announcement of issue concern.

2)      Argument: Reasons for concern that will lead to recommendation.

3)      Recommendation: Statement of what should or should not happen or be done based on the given arguments.

Example of Hortatory Exposition Text:

           

Mobile Phones Should Not be Banned in School (Title)

            Mobile phones is not used just for calling, but sending text, taking pictures, accessing internet, and mush more. Many students bring their phones to school. For them, mobile phones has many uses. So, mobile phones should not be banned in school. Why do I said that? (Thesis)

            Firstly, students call their parents for another needs. By mobile phones, student can call their close relative of they need something to be brought to school. In addition, mobile phones can be used to call their children when one of their family were hit by disaster suddenly. An then, student can called their parent to pick her up when want to go home. (Argument)

            Secondly, increased of knowledge among students. When trying to find answer of difficult task at school, mobile phone can be used as a connecting to search the answer through GPRS or Wi-Fi networks. (Argument)

            Finally, expand the network of friendship among students. School is the right place to find friends. Average, student been at school about 7 hours or more. So that, a lot of students found their friend in the school environment. Therefore, communication between friends should be kept on of which using a mobile phone. (Argument)

            So, I think mobile phone should not be banned in school. But, use your phone in the time and right place so that no one was disturbed. (Resommendation)

Presentation : Transitions (Therefore, Furthermore, Moreover, However, In Addition, etc.)

Powerpoint Presentation.

Transisions

17. Weather Report, Table & Graphs

                       Weather Report, Table & Graphs

(Noor Arisanti & Deby P.D)

Weather Report:

The text is a weather report or weather forecast in spoken form. A weather report is a prediction of weather. The weather is predicted through application of the principles of physics and meteorology.

Weather report usually found in: television, radio, newspaper or Meteorology and Geophysics office.

A weather report is a bit technical as compared to other report writing you have been practicing earlier. You need to choose words and phrases correctly and present the information gathered in the language of meteorologist.

Expressions used in a weather report:

·         A high of twenty degrees.

·         A low of -25.

·         20 percent chance of snow.

·         Mainly sunny.

·         Sunny with cloudy periods.

·         Above/below average temperature.

·         A few flurries.

·         5-day forecast.

·         Temperatures are going to drop/dip/plunge (go down quckly).

Name of weather:

·         Sunny

·         Warm

·         Hot

·         Mild

·         Cold

·         Freezing

·         Cloudy

·         Foggy

·         Smoggy

·         Rainy

·         Wet

·         Dry

·         Windy

·         Snow

·         Thunder

·         Mist

·         Blizzard

·         Fog

·         Hurricane

·         Overcast

Example weather report text:

Hello, Good morning. This is Erick with local weather report. It will be foggy this morning in almost all parts of town, followed by slight showers. However, the showers will not last for a long time. By early afternoon, it will be cloudy until late afternoon, followed by heavy rain with thunder storm in the evening into the night. Thank you.

Table:

Table present facts and figures in compact form. There are several things that we need to pay attention to. They are:

§  The table title

§  Row or column title

information given in individual cells and information given within rows and columns.

Steps we need to do to read the table:

1.      Observing the table title.

2.      Observe the columns in the table.

3.      Found significant differences in the data, either the highest, lowest and average.

4.      Draw conclusion from the data presented in the table.

Example:

Name	Class	Score
Jennie	A	70
Thomas	B	80
Rick	B	75
Jason	C	90
Jessica	D	85
Justin	B	60

Graphs

Graphs is a visual concise means of presenting information.

There are basic kinds of graphs:

1.      Bar graphs

2.      Line graphs

3.      Circle or pie graphs

Graphs usually found in: clinic, BPS office, library, etc.

a.      Bar Graphs

Bar graphs is a type of graphs which contains labeled horizontal or vertical bars showing a piece of information and an axis. The numbers along the side of bar graph compose the axis. This is also called as a histogram, bar graph is useful when there is a numerical comparison.

Example of bar graph:

b.      Line Graphs

A line graphs is a way of representing two pieces of information, which is usually related and vary with respect to each other. This is useful when comparison are needed.

Example of line graph:

c.       Circle graphs

Circle graphs (sometimes called pie or circle chart) are used to show the parts that make up a whole. They can be useful for comparing the size of relative parts.

Example of circle graph: